intro-to-python/02_functions/01_exercises_sphere-volume.ipynb

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    "**Note**: Click on \"*Kernel*\" > \"*Restart Kernel and Run All*\" in [JupyterLab](https://jupyterlab.readthedocs.io/en/stable/) *after* finishing the exercises to ensure that your solution runs top to bottom *without* any errors. If you cannot run this file on your machine, you may want to open it [in the cloud <img height=\"12\" style=\"display: inline-block\" src=\"../static/link/to_mb.png\">](https://mybinder.org/v2/gh/webartifex/intro-to-python/main?urlpath=lab/tree/02_functions/01_exercises.ipynb)."
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   "source": [
    "# Chapter 2: Functions & Modularization (Coding Exercises)"
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    "The exercises below assume that you have read the [first part <img height=\"12\" style=\"display: inline-block\" src=\"../static/link/to_nb.png\">](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/webartifex/intro-to-python/blob/main/02_functions/00_content.ipynb) of Chapter 2.\n",
    "\n",
    "The `...`'s in the code cells indicate where you need to fill in code snippets. The number of `...`'s within a code cell give you a rough idea of how many lines of code are needed to solve the task. You should not need to create any additional code cells for your final solution. However, you may want to use temporary code cells to try out some ideas."
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    "## Volume of a Sphere"
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    "**Q1**: The [volume of a sphere <img height=\"12\" style=\"display: inline-block\" src=\"../static/link/to_wiki.png\">](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphere) is defined as $\\frac{4}{3} * \\pi * r^3$. Calculate this value for $r=10.0$ and round it to 10 digits after the comma.\n",
    "\n",
    "Hints:\n",
    "- use an appropriate approximation for $\\pi$\n",
    "- you may use the [standard library <img height=\"12\" style=\"display: inline-block\" src=\"../static/link/to_py.png\">](https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html) to do so if you have already looked at the [second part <img height=\"12\" style=\"display: inline-block\" src=\"../static/link/to_nb.png\">](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/webartifex/intro-to-python/blob/main/02_functions/02_content.ipynb) of Chapter 2."
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    "import ...  # you may drop this cell and use your own approximation for Pi"
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    "..."
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    "**Q2**: Encapsulate the logic into a function `sphere_volume()` that takes one *positional* argument `radius` and one *keyword-only* argument `digits` defaulting to `5`. The volume should be returned as a `float` object under *all* circumstances."
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    "def sphere_volume(...):\n",
    "    \"\"\"Calculate the volume of a sphere.\n",
    "\n",
    "    Args:\n",
    "        radius (float): radius of the sphere\n",
    "        digits (optional, int): number of digits\n",
    "            for rounding the resulting volume\n",
    "\n",
    "    Returns:\n",
    "        volume (float)\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    return ..."
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   "source": [
    "**Q3**: Evaluate the function with `radius = 100.0` and 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 digits respectively."
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    "radius = ..."
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    "sphere_volume(...)"
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   "source": [
    "**Q4**: What observation do you make?"
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    " < your answer >"
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    "**Q5**: Using the [range() <img height=\"12\" style=\"display: inline-block\" src=\"../static/link/to_py.png\">](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#func-range) built-in, write a `for`-loop and calculate the volume of a sphere with `radius = 42.0` for all `digits` from `1` through `20`. Print out each volume on a separate line.\n",
    "\n",
    "Note: This is the first task where you need to use the built-in [print() <img height=\"12\" style=\"display: inline-block\" src=\"../static/link/to_py.png\">](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#print) function."
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    "for ... in ...:\n",
    "    ..."
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    "**Q6**: What lesson do you learn about the `float` type?"
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    " < your answer >"
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